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Do You Capitalize After a Colon? | TitleCasePro

Do you capitalize after a colon? In a title, always capitalize the first word. In a sentence, it depends on whether a full sentence follows. See the rules.

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Quick answer: In a title or subtitle, always capitalize the first word after a colon — in every style guide. In a regular sentence, capitalize after a colon only if a complete sentence follows (APA, AP, and Chicago 18th edition); lowercase it if a list or fragment follows.

Capitalization after a colon has two completely different sets of rules depending on whether you are writing a title or a sentence. Mixing them up is the most common source of errors.

In a Title: Always Capitalize

Universal title rule: The first word after a colon in a title is always capitalized, regardless of which style guide you follow — APA, Chicago, AP, MLA, AMA, NY Times, and Bluebook all agree.

This is because the text after the colon is treated as a subtitle, and the first word of a subtitle follows the same rule as the first word of the main title: it is always capitalized.

Examples:

  • Web Design: A Complete Guide for Beginners
  • The Art of War: Strategy for the Modern World
  • Python Basics: The Fastest Way to Learn

Even short words like a, the, and to get capitalized when they immediately follow the colon:

  • Minimalism: The Art of Less
  • Success: A Practical Framework

In a Sentence: It Depends

In regular prose, the rule changes. Whether you capitalize after a colon depends on what follows the colon.

What follows the colonCapitalize?Style guides
A complete sentenceYes (optional in some)APA, AP, Chicago 18th ed.
A list of itemsNoAll styles
A word or phrase fragmentNoAll styles
A proper nounYesAll styles

Complete sentence after colon (capitalize):

  • She had one goal: She would finish the marathon.

List after colon (lowercase):

  • Bring three things: a pen, paper, and your ID.

Fragment after colon (lowercase):

  • He had one weakness: chocolate.

⚠️ The key distinction: Ask whether a complete sentence follows the colon. If yes, capitalize (in APA/AP/Chicago). If it’s just a list or fragment, lowercase it.

Style-Specific Notes for Sentences

  • APA: Capitalize the first word after a colon if it begins a complete sentence.
  • AP: Capitalize if a complete sentence follows. AP always capitalizes after a colon in headlines.
  • Chicago (18th edition): Now matches AP — capitalize if a complete sentence follows, lowercase for a fragment. (Earlier editions only capitalized when two or more sentences followed.)
  • MLA: Lowercase unless a proper noun or a quoted sentence follows.

Quick Decision Guide

  1. Writing a title? → Always capitalize the first word after the colon.
  2. Writing a sentence, and a full sentence follows the colon? → Capitalize (APA/AP/Chicago).
  3. Writing a sentence, and a list or fragment follows? → Lowercase.

Get It Right Automatically

The title capitalizer automatically capitalizes the first word after a colon in any title — handling subtitles correctly for every style guide. Paste your title and see the result instantly.

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